Udaya Raj Adhikari's Blog

Firstly, the   scientific management approach  is based on the concept of planning of work to achieve efficiency, standardization, specialization and simplification. The approach to increased productivity is through mutual trust between management and workers. Taylor (1947) proposed four principles of scientific management: a)        Science, not rule-of-thumb; b)       Scientific selection of the worker; c)       Management and labor cooperation rather than conflict; and  scientific training of workers. The concept of scientific management was developed by Frederick Taylor (1856-1915) in late 19th century. The core idea of scientific management was to increase the efficiency of workers through rationalization and standardization of work. The main concepts and techniques used to achieve increased efficiency were division of labour, time and motion studies, work measurements and piece-rate wages Secondly , the administrative theory  was propounded by Henry Fayol and is based

 Management is the organizational process that includes strategic planning, setting; objectives, managing resources, deploying the human and financial assets needed to achieve objectives, and measuring results. Management also includes recording and storing facts and information for later use or for others within the organization. Management functions are not limited to managers and supervisors. Every member of the organization has some management and reporting functions as part of their job. According to Theo Heimann, management has three different meanings, viz., Management as a Noun : refers to a  Group of Managers . Management as a Process : refers to the  Functions of Management  i.e. Planning,  Organizing , Directing, Controlling, etc. Management as a Discipline : refers to the  Subject of Management . Management is an individual or a group of individuals that accept responsibilities to run an organisation. They Plan, Organise, Direct and Control all the essential acti