CONCEPT OF GLOBALIZATION

Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology. This process has effects on the environment, on culture, on political systems, on economic development and prosperity, and on human physical well-being in societies around the world. In another way it is expressed as below.


Forms of Globalization:
Economic Globalization:
·       It is increasing global inter linkages of the markets in good, services, capital, and finance. It is about liberalization, deregulation, privatization, and declining cost of transport and communication.
·       A worldwide economic system that permits easy movement of goods, production, capital, and resources (free trade facilitates this) Example: NAFTA, EU, Multinational corporations
Political globalization:
·       The mutual framework by exchanging the views and ideas of implementing and billing the policies, plans and other implementation between countries. The exchange of views , experience in establishment of legal system, protection of women’s right, human rights, child rights, free media, sustainable development, democratic governance, and etc.
·       countries are attempting to adopt similar political policies and styles of government in order to facilitate other forms of globalization
·       The UN has belied expectations, but a number of regional organizations like European Union, ASEAN, APEC and SAARC, and multicultural economic organizations such as WTO have come up.
Socio cultural Globalization:
·       It is worldwide assimilation of cultural values, beliefs, and customs through communication technologies, media, tourism and consumption patterns and exchange of ideas.
·       A growing belief that we are all global citizens and should all be held to the same standards – and have the same right
Natural (Ecological/ Environmental) Globalization: 
·       seeing the Earth as a single ecosystem rather than a collection of separate ecological systems because so many problems are global in nature
·       In issues like global warming, ozone layer depletion, loss of bio diversity, Trans- border pollution. The idea of conserving the world environment by harnessing water, less use of non-renewable resources, wildlife management, controlling air pollution, etc.
Technological Globalization:
·       Emergence of ICET. Technologies developed in one part of the world get instantly globalized and used in other parts.
·       Connection between nations through technology such as television, radio, telephones, internet, etc. It was traditionally available only to the rich but is now far more available to the poor. Much less infrastructure is needed now

Thus, Globalization (or globalisation) is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture. Advances in transportation and telecommunications infrastructure, including the rise of the telegraph and its posterity the Internet, are major factors in globalization, generating further interdependence of economic and cultural activities.

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