WHY PLANNING IS IMPORTANT ?

Planning is an essential element of planning, covers not merely looking into the future but making provisions for it. A plan is then a projected course of action. All planning involves anticipation of the future course of events and therefore bears an element of uncertainty in respect of its success. Planning is concerned with the determination of the objectives to be achieved and course of action to be followed to achieve them. Before any operative action takes place it is necessary to decide what, where, when and who shall do the things. Decision- making is also an important element of planning. Planning determines both long-term and short-term objectives and also of the individual departments as well as the entire organization.
According to Fayol - "The plan of action is, at one and the same time, the result envisaged, the line of action to be followed, the stages to go through, and the methods to use. It is a kind of future picture wherein proximate events are outlined with some distinctness.
From above definition we have following features
1. Planning is goal-oriented.
2. Planning is the first of the managerial functions.
3. Planning is found at all levels of management.
4. Planning also focuses on accurate forecasts.
5. Planning co-ordinates the what, who, how, where and why of planning.
6. Planning is an intellectual process.






















As a managerial function planning is important due to the following reasons:-
1. To manage by objectives: All the activities of an organization are designed to achieve certain specified objectives. However, planning makes the objectives more concrete by focusing attention on them.
2. To offset uncertainty and change: Future is always full of uncertainties and changes. Planning foresees the future and makes the necessary provisions for it.
3. To secure economy in operation: Planning involves, the selection of most profitable course of action that would lead to the best result at the minimum costs.
4. To help in co-ordination: Co-ordination is, indeed, the essence of management, the planning is the base of it. Without planning it is not possible to co-ordinate the different activities of an organization.
5. To make control effective: The controlling function of management relates to the comparison of the planned performance with the actual performance. In the absence of plans, a management will have no standards for controlling other's performance.
6. To increase organizational effectiveness: Mere efficiency in the organization is not important; it should also lead to productivity and effectiveness. Planning enables the manager to measure the organizational effectiveness in the context of the stated objectives and take further actions in this direction.


So Planning is a mental process requiring the use of intellectual faculties' imagination, foresight, sound judgment and the conscious determination of courses of action, the basing of decisions on purpose, acts and considered estimates.
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